تعليم اللغة الانجلزية من 0 Learn English : Level 0 IIIIIIIIIII

9) Present Perfect Continuous المضارع التام المستمر

Definition التعريف:-

We use present perfect continuous to talk about an action starts in the past but still continuo now.

نستخدم المضارع التام المستمر لنتكلم عن فعل بدأ في الماضي وما زال مستمراً حتى الأن.

Examples:-
1- I have been teaching English since 1987.

2- He has been watching TV for 2 hours.

3- They have been playing football since 1997.

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Adverbs الظروف الدالة على المضارع التام المستمر:-
Since منذ For لمدة

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The Rule القاعدة:-
I, We, You, They + Have + Been + Verb + ing

He, She, It + Has + Been + Verb + ing

Examples:-
1- I have been studying English for 6 years.

2- She has been sleeping since 2 o'clock.
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Note ملاحظة :-
1- Since منذ :- it shows a point of time.

كلمة ( Since ) تدل على نقطة بداية الفعل:-

Example:-

 I have been studying English since 4 o'clock.

2- For لمدة :- it shows a period of time:-

كلمة ( For ) تدل على طول الفترة الزمنية للفعل:-

Example:- 

They have been playing for 3 hours.

Down you can see a table for the words that we can use them with

( Since ) and ( For ).

في الأسفل سترى جدول يوضح كلمات يمكننا استخداماه مع كلمة ( Since ) وكلمة ( For ).

Since منذ For لمدة

2 O'clock ساعتان A moment لحظة

Monday الأحد 3 minutes 3 دقائق

Yesterday البارحة An hour لمدة ساعة

Last Night الليلة الماضية Many hours لعدة ساعات

Last week / last moth / last year

الأسبوع الماضي / الشهر الماشي / السنة الماضية 3 days / 5 weeks / 4 months

3 أيام / 5 أسابيع / 4 أشهر

1996 A year لمدة سنة

Last Century القرن الماضي 10 years لمدة 10 سنوات

He came……. منذ أن وصلَ A century لمدة قرن

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How can we change Present Perfect Continuous to negative?

كيف يمكن تحويل المضارع التام المستمر إلى نفي؟
We change it to negative by putting ( not ) after the helping verb.

نستطيع تحويل المضارع التام المستمر إلى نفي وذلك بوضع كلمة ( not ) بعد الفعل المساعد.

Examples:-

1- I have been reading a book.

I have not been reading a book.

2- He has been working for 3 hours.

He has not been working for 3 hours.

3- They have been fixing the house since Ali came.

They have not been fixing the house since Ali came.

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How can we make question in the present perfect continuous?

كيف يمكننا عمل سؤال في المضارع التام المستمر؟
We can make question by using ( how long ) or by putting the helping verb at the beginning of the sentence.

يمكننا عمل سؤال في المضارع التام المستمر وذلك باستخدام جملة ( how long ) أو بوضع الفعل المساعد في بداية الجملة.

Example:- 

I have been learning English since 1990.

How long have you been learning English?

Note ملاحظة :-
The simplest rule that we can use to make question in the present perfect continuous is.

أبسط قاعدة يمكن استخداماه لتكوين سؤال في المضارع التام المستمر هي كالتالي:-

How long + Have + Subject + been + Verb + ing

How long + Has + Subject + been + Verb + ing

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10) Past Perfect Continuous المضارع التام المستمر

Definition التعريف:- 

We use past perfect continuous to say that something had been happening for a period of time before something else.

نستخدم الماضي التام المستمر لنقول أن هناك فعل أو حدث ما قد حصل قبل شئ آخر أو حدث آخر.

Examples:- 

1- I was very tired when I arrived. I had been working hard all day.

2- Ahmed gave up smoking two years ago. He had been smoking for 30 years.

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Adverbs الظروف الدالة على الماضي التام المستمر:-

Since منذ For لمدة

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The Rule القاعدة:-
I, We, You, They } + Been + Verb + ing

He, She, It

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How can we change past Perfect Continuous to negative?

كيف يمكننا أن نحول الماضي التام المستمر إلى نفي؟
We can change past perfect continuous into negative by putting (not) after the helping verb ( had ).

يمكننا أن نحول الماضي التام المستمر إلى نفي وذلك بوضع كلمة (not) بعد الفعل المساعد(had)

Example:-
I was very tired when I arrived. I had been working hard all day.

I was not very tired when I arrived. I had not been working hard all day.

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How can we make question in the past perfect continuous?

كيف يمكننا أن نكون سؤال في الماضي التام المستمر؟
EXERCISES تمارين :-
A)- Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets.

1- I was very tired when I arrived home.

(I/ work / hard all day) I had been working hard all day. 

2- The two boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired. (they / play / football)……………………………………………………………………..

3- There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes.

(somebody / smoke / in the room) …………………………………………………………….

4- Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and did not know where she was. (she / dream) …………………………………………………………………………

5- When 1 got home, Mike was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off.

(he / watch / TV) ……………………………………………………………………………..

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B)- Read the situations and complete the sentences.

1- We played tennis yesterday. Half an hour after we began playing, it starred to rain.

We had been playing for half an hour when it started to rain.

2- I had arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. I arrived and waited for him. After 20 minutes, I suddenly realized that I was in the wrong restaurant.

I …………………………………………for 20 minutes when I ………………………………………………………

3- Sarah got a job in a factory. Five years later the factory closed down.

At the time the factory……………………………………………….when………………….
……………………………………………………..

4- I went to a concert last week. The orchestra began playing. After about ten minutes, a man in the audience suddenly began shouting.

The orchestra ………………………………………………when………………………

……………………………….

5- This time make your own sentence:

I began walking along the road. I ……………………………………………………………….

when……………………………………………………

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C)- Put the verb into the most suitable form, past continuous (I was doing), past perfect (I had done) or past perfect continuous (I had been doing).


1- It was very noisy next door. Our neighbors were having (have) a party.

2- We were good friends. We had known (know) each other for a long time.

3- John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he…………….

…………………(walk) so fast.

4- Mary was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She………………………………. (run).

5- When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They…………………… (eat).


6- When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty but their stomachs were full. They……………………………….. (eat).


7- Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He…………………………….(look) for his contact lens.

8- When I arrived, Kate……………………………………(wait) me because 1 was late and she……………(wait) for a very long time.

9- I was sad when I sold my car. I………………………………………(have) it for a very long time.

10- We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We……………………....(travel) for more than 24 hours.

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